Sidewalk Expert Witness Investigations. 3. Van accessible spaces must (pick option #1 or #2) Option #1. The main safety feature of a catwalk on prevent falling objects is a toe board. 23. A sidewalk proposed within 2 ft. " 29 CFR 1910. Walkways shall be properly sloped (drained) to eliminate pooling of water. 91 m) above the upper landing. OSHA, ANSI and ADA Regulations for Walkways and Surface. While you will see ramps at steeper slopes including the range of 0° to 18° of slope in the illustration shown here and ramps with slopes as steep as 20° in older. Open-top Bins, Hoppers, Vats and Pits. Navigable Waters and the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS); effective February 22, 2010. 1 m) below such level. The raised button surface we use to make ramps and treads has a COF of 0. It isSlope safety is key. Table 2. 501(b)(11) A steep roof has a slope greater than 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal). 17 (d) (1) While dockboards or carplates are in position; or. You can also contact us by mail at the above office, Room N3468, 200 Constitution Avenue, N. 15005 or 57. 450 (b) as: a portion of a scaffold platform used only for access and not. If you are building the walkway yourself, you will need access to equipment such as a wheelbarrow, shovels and other tools that will. Definitions. 29 - Fall protection systems real falling object protection-criteria and practices. 1. Each scaffold walkway should be at least 18. No more than 1 inch of space can be present between each scaffold unit unless the employer can show that more space was needed. A public address system with standby power is provided; 1. It is desirable to design the pivot point on the outside edge of one side of the shoulder or theSidewalks have a desired minimum through zone of 6 feet and an absolute minimum of 5 feet. OSHA 1910. The pedestrian walkway and connected buildings are equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903. OSHA RULES. Safety and Health Ordinance, Cap 509 (OSHO), the Factories & Industrial Undertakings Ordinance, Cap 59 (FIUO) and their respective subsidiary regulations, e. • Walking surfaces greater than a 1:20 slope are considered curb ramps or pedestrian ramps • Level area is defined as having a maximum slope in any direction of 1:48 • Sloped walkways have a 60” deep minimum level area (1:48 or less) in the direction of travel at 400 LF maximum for the full width of the walkway per CBCCal/OSHA 2. Changes in level (height) Slope requirements; 1-5 mm: No bevel required: 6-13 mm: Must be bevelled with. The employer must ensure: 1910. Occupational Safety and Health Administration 200 Constitution Ave NW Washington, DC 20210 1-800-321-OSHA 1-800-321-6742. ”In its 29 CFR Part 1926. OSHA Guardrail Requirements: Height and Strength. If the slope of a ramp or a walkway is steeper than one (1) vertical in eight (8) horizontal, the ramp or walkway shall have cleats not. above the walkway surface if the rise is greater than 6 inches. Part 2 Occupational Health and Safety; Part 3 Workers' Compensation System;. Do this whenever possible to ensure a safe walkway slope. (c) Fixed ladders: Section 5. Those materials include gravel, asphalt, concrete, and many more. 1) All ramps must have a 1 percent cross slope, while ADA guidelines allow for a maximum of 2. "You should never have your tracks going parallel to the slope because. 2]" For curb ramps constructed after January 26, 1992 (post-ADA), the slope must be 8. 1918. 8. No ramp or walkway shall incline more than 1:3 (1 vertical to horizontal, or 20 degrees above the horizontal). Objects with leading edges 27″ maximum or. Stair tread slope (out of level on walking surface) - (slope or "rise" must be <= 1 in 48)-- Source: IRC. 0 ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION 1. by 5 ft. The adjoining slope at walk or street shall not exceed 1:20 (sloping towards the curb ramp surface). Sesco Safety can provide an OSHA compliant, safe walking surface that allows your employees to walk on the surface unobstructed. The radius of curvature at the nosing or leading edge of treads shall not exceed 9/16 inch. 2. For stair rail systems installed on or after January 17, 2017, the top rail and handrail must be separate. SUMMARY: OSHA is reopening the rulemaking record on the proposed revisions to Walking and Working Surfaces and Personal Protective Equipment (Fall Protection Systems) to gather data and information concerning advances in technology and industry practice and updated consensus standards issued since the proposals were. The best way to build a walkway on a steep slope is to level it out. If a jobsite walkway is required to have cleats due to its slope, what is the maximum allowable spacing for the cleats? 14 inches. For sidewalk widths less than 5 ft. This is a significant improvement, but slips and falls will continue to be a risk. Steps,. Measure the vertical length you want to cover. gov; USA. 29(d)(1)(i) Employees remain within the designated area while work operations are underway; and. The OSHA walkway requirements are different than those required for vehicles, so consider this too. 5 COF) is for manlift platforms in 29CFR1910. It also includes examples of ADA-compliant sidewalk features and links. Spiral stairs must meet the. 650-. 23 (a) (2) Designed into or is an integral part of machines or equipment. ) [§ 4. Start by evaluating the slope of your landscape. Steeper slopes may require additional reinforcements or terracing to ensure stability. Changes in level (height) Slope requirements; 1-5 mm: No bevel required: 6-13 mm: Must be bevelled with a maximum ratio of 1:2 (50%) (for every 1 unit of height, at least two units of length). Dimensions and Sizing: Swales should generally have a trapezoidal shape with a flat bottom (in the direction perpendicular to flow) to promote even flow across the whole width of the swale. When mobile mechanical equipment is used to perform work that is both temporary and infrequent in a designated area, the employer must ensure the warning line is erected not less than 6 feet (1. If sidewalks are less than 60 inches (5 feet) wide, passing spaces must be constructed every 200 feet. 17 (e) When employees are working in, on, or under a railcar, positive means shall be taken to protect them from exposure to impact from moving railcars. The employer must ensure: 1910. The climbing side of the ladder should have at least 36 inches from the center of the rungs for a slope of 76. Find more aboutSearchable OHS Regulation & related materials. The combination of a sloped surface with conditions that can make that walking surface slippery, especially at outdoor building access ramps, forms a falling hazard at both. The middle-ground for desirable ramp slope standard is 2:12. 2. No ramp or walkway shall incline more than 1:3 (1 vertical to horizontal, or 20 degrees above the horizontal). 5 COF) is for manlift platforms in 29CFR1910. g. Adjustable suspension scaffold means a suspension scaffold equipped with a hoist(s) that can be operated by an employee(s) on the scaffold. Slope is usually expressed as the ratio of the ramp’s height, or rise, to its length, or run. EXCEPTION: The clear width shall be permitted to be reduced to 32 inches (815 mm) minimum for a length of 24 inches. Department of Labor, OSHA, Directorate of Construction, Office of Construction Standards and Guidance, fax # 202-693-1689. 23 (b) General requirements for all ladders. Safety 19 Emergency Lighting/Exit Lights/Emergency Exits - Exit lights are on emergency circuits and in operation at all times. When engaged in roofing work on low-slope roofs 50 feet or less in width, the use of a safety monitoring system without a warning line system is permitted. 451(e)(5)(ii)] If a ramp or walkway has a slope of more than 1:8, it must have cleats securely fastened to the planks not more than 14 inches apart, to provide footing. OSHA 1910. 553. NOTES:The ADA has set forth the following requirements for ramps in California: Slope: Slopes for ramps that provide handicap access, are used as an exit or are in the path of travel must not exceed a 1-foot rise in 12 feet of horizontal run. If, for example, you had a stairway with a vertical rise of 21″, you would need 21′ of ramp. OSHA and ASME B20. In the event that the sheeting and bracing. Operating the Forklift. New Compliance Option Included (2) The street, walkway, refuge area, or open. 22 (c) SIMPLE SLOPE--GENERAL. Aisles and walkways are clean and free of clutter. The area shall be located on the same lot not less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) away from the building requiring egress. Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt the federal OSHA definition of Low-slope roof. Checklists, requirements and standards are commonplace in the world of Commercial and Federal Aviation. A walkway handrail instead guardrail system is requested to anything catwalks height than 4' above ampere lower level. Advisory 402. To be in compliance with OSHA catwalk requirements, all catwalks and raised work platforms must have toeboards at least 3 1/4 inches tall along. The slope of existing ramps cannot exceed a 1-foot rise per 8 feet of horizontal run. gov; Notification of EEO Violations. Consider the slope ratio requirement your local regulations demand. I think you have a typo, the maximum slopes for ramps is 1 in 12, also stated as 8. When altering an existing pedestrian facility and conditions preclude the construction of a curb ramp slope of 1:12, provide a slope from 1:12 to 1:10 with a maximum rise of 6 inches. 851 (c) In a multistory building, when a stairwell is being used, it shall be properly illuminated by either natural or artificial means, and completely. 17°, 22°, 27° uphill and downhill conditions. ADA ramps must be at least 36 inches wide, which allows people using wheelchairs or other mobility devices to safely navigate the ramp. The employer must ensure that each walking-working surface can support the maximum intended load for that surface. • Section 12, “Temporary Traffic Control,” directs. 451 (e) (5) (iii) - If the slope of a ramp or a walkway is steeper than one (1) vertical in eight (8) horizontal, the ramp or walkway shall have cleats not more than. OSHA uses the term "permit-required confined space" (permit space) to describe a confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere; contains material that has the potential to engulf an entrant; has walls that converge inward or floors that slope downward and. Your observation correctly identifies OSHA's omission to change the §1910. Return to index New query §3272. Low-slope roof is defined as a roof with a slope less than or equal to a ratio of 4 in 12. 1 This handrail system is designed to meet the loading requirements of OSHA 1910. 91 m) above the upper landing surface and is. 1- 2000 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators,. Designers, owners, and operators are encouraged, but. ASME B20. 1. If a curb ramp is located where pedestrians must walk across the ramp, the ramp must have flared sides of no more than 1:10 (10 percent) slope. An effective housekeeping program (including floorcare) is needed. The best way to build a walkway on a steep slope is to level it out. Sc. 0 percent. ADA Chapter 5 Section 505. The treads are fire rated to Class HB of UL94 so don’t present a fire risk. Danny Bost Progress Energy P. A variable-sloped pedestrian walkway that links a fixed structure or land with a floating structure. Walking surfaces must have running slopes not steeper than 1:20, see 403. The area shall be of a size to accommodate not less than 5 square feet (0. Most places have a maximum slope between 10% and 18%. oregon. 0 ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION 1. Changes in level above a ½” must be treated as a ramp or curb ramp (or a walkway if a slope no steeper than 1:20 can be achieved). If work areas are too narrow for 18-inch platforms or walkways, you can use narrower platforms, but workers must be protected from falling with guardrails or personal fall-arrest systems . 501 (b) (1) Unprotected sides and edges. OSHA says exposure to these types of hazards pose a. The OSHA gangway rail requirements are found in OSHA section 1910. retardant resin formulations in a safety yellow color. 0% maximum) to meet ADA standards. " "Shore scaffold" means a supported scaffold which is kept erect by placing it against a building or structure and holding it in place with props. b. The employer must ensure each safety net system meets the requirements in 29 CFR part 1926, subpart M. It also covers all walking and work surfaces within these workplaces regardless of operations, including floors, aisles, stairs, ladders, platforms, roofs, etc. 1915. 22 (b) Loads. Here are the OSHA standards that require EAPs: • Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals - 1910. Kee Walk with Guardrail provides a safe pathway that requires no formal training or experience [it is passive] and “collectively” protects people when working at height. wide. Driveways and walkways should slope away from the house, and should slope to drain over their entire run. Walkways are maintained in dry condition. The area shall be permanently maintained and identified as a safe dispersal area. OSHA's Walking-working surfaces standard, 29 CFR 1910. 6 (1) Where an employee has access to an open-top bin, hopper, vat, pit or other open-top enclosure from a point directly above the enclosure, the enclosure shall be (a) covered with a grating, screen or other covering that will prevent the employee from falling into the enclosure; or (b) provided with a walkway. , incorporated in section 208. Ramps. Means for stopping the motor or engine shall be provided at the operator's station. A study by Finnis and Walton (2008) has shown that slope variations in a range of zero to four degrees (almost six percent) have no significant impact on pedestrian normal walking speed, while an increase in the slope percentage beyond six percent has a significant influence on the pedestrian walking speed. Here, a collection of shrubs clusters along one side of the walkway, eliminating the need for edging. ”. The preferred slope for a building access ramp is 1:12 or 1 inch of rise per 12 inches of horizontal run - that's roughly an 8% slope also written as a 4. 2. Aluminum roof access walkways for safety are often a key part of creating a safe environment for people working at heights. (Title 24, Part 2, Section 2-3306 (a) without "Note. Kee Walk can be used on used on flat, barrel and sloping roofs and is designed to provide a level walking surface for slopes up to 35 degrees. 1 Doors. A ladder safety system usually consists of a carrier, safety sleeve, lanyard, connectors, and body harness. Safety-monitoring system – a safety system in which a competent person is responsible for recognizing and warning workers of fall hazards. 502(b)). Specific aisle requirements are made for industrial aisles. 26 (a) Dockboards are capable of supporting the maximum intended load in accordance with § 1910. 1 This document is intended to provide basic safety guidelines related to working on hazardous terrain, especially that of steep slopes (e. Equipment standards on slip, trip. C. 22). A short ramp cutting through a curb or built up to it. 1910. October 27, 1995. An OSHA-approved state plan must have safety and health requirements at least as effective as those of Federal OSHA and must adopt comparable stateCurb ramps should meet the same general thresholds for repair as sidewalks. Workers Compensation Act. That fall protection could include guardrails, safety net. To prevent employees from being injured from falls, employers must: Guard every floor hole into which a worker can accidentally walk (using a railing and toe-board or a floor hole cover). Failure to comply with these. On 2023-01-26 by InspectApedia Publisher (mod) - guardrail safety around swimming pool walkways. 7. 3. B. 451 (e) (5) (ii) - No ramp or walkway shall be inclined more than a slope of one (1) vertical to three (3) horizontal (20 degrees above the horizontal). 1926. From OSHA: 1926. The bleacher-type seating has an occupant load of less than 15,000; 1. In terms of width, industrial aisles should be at least 4 feet and at least 3 feet wider than the largest equipment that has to pass through them. Emergency exits and routes are marked and unobstructed. The scoping and technical requirements are minimum requirements. 5, but this was only for structural steel walking surfaces, and this requirement was rescinded in January of 2006. cross-slope (2 percent or less), a buffer to private properties, adequate sight distances around corners and at driveways, shy distances to walls and other structures, a clear path of travel free of street furniture, continuity, a well-maintained condition, ramps at corners, and flat areas across driveways. If sidewalks are less than 60 inches (5 feet) across, passing spaces must be constructed at set intervals. If the counter slope of a curb ramp exceeds 5. For outdoor stairways, treads must be slightly sloped so water will not accumulate on the stairs. ( c) Protection from falling objects. We will now cover some additional areas. James Sharpe Consolidated Engineers Services 2345 Crystal Drive Suite 1000 Arlington, Virginia 22202. Often, when it is overcast or dark outside, it can be hard to see a walkway. Semitrailers, flatbeds and straight trucks all have bed heights that closely align with 48-inch-high platforms, so loading dock platforms most commonly are 44 to 48 inches high. It does not alter or determine compliance responsibilities in OSHA standards or the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. Safety net systems. This is key for retractable barriers, which are often used at loading docks that. 8 m) or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by a guardrail system, safety net system, or personal fall arrest system. The slope is particularly important, as it affects other factors such as the ramp’s layout, accessibility, and construction cost. About us. All components of an accessible route shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 4. gov; Coronavirus Resources; Disaster Recovery Assistance; DisasterAssistance. Â Oregon OSHA allows 12-inch widths for ladder jack, top-plateOSHA catwalk standards require that all catwalks and raised work platforms be covered with a nonskid surface or constructed from nonskid grating. These walkways help reduce slips, trips, and falls whether your employee is working on a slippery membrane roof or. The strict requirements of OSHA, Canada, New York City and even California are inside the design capabilities of this roof railing system. , hills, mountains, steep or otherwise hazardous inclines, unstable slope Width and Height. 33% slope), a width of 36 inches, and adjacent counter slopes of no steeper than 1:20. [29 CFR 1926. Search. 451 and the general requirements mandated under sub section (e) (5). 33 percent (1:12) or less. 2 Excavations Made in Type B Soil . It also includes examples of ADA-compliant sidewalk features and links to other relevant resources. OSHA defines low slope roofs as those having a vertical rise to horizontal run ratio of 4:12 or less. 2. It does not alter or determine compliance responsibilities in OSHA standards or the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. Perpendicular curb ramps may require a pedestrian to choose a direction from a landing at the top of the ramp. 6(3)(a) if space limitations prohibit the use of a 1:12 slope or less. The maximum rise for any run shall be 30 in (760 mm). Ramp Requirements . Ladders without cages or in wells should have at least 15 inches clear in each direction from the center of the ladder. Any sidewalk or walking path that achieves a slope of 1:20 or more is no. OSHA regulations protect forklift operators and pedestrians in the workplace. Mr. The preferred slope for a building access ramp is 1:12 or 1 inch of rise per 12 inches of horizontal run - that's roughly an 8% slope also written as a 4. 29(b)(2)(i-iv):Any roof walkway system needs to satisfy the load-bearing requirements contained in regulation BS EN 516:2006. The running slope is to be uniform along a run, although slight variations may occur with certain materials such as applicable OSHA standard requires it, OSHA strongly recommends that all employers have an EAP. and cross slopes. 3] Slope represents the proportion of vertical rise to horizontal length and is specified in the Standards as a ratio (e. When neither a walkway nor a straight ladder can be used, a Jacob's ladder meeting the requirements of § 1918. These passing spaces (which could be a driveway or wider section of concrete) need to be at least 60 inches on all sides. 11009 - walkways along conveyors) (77. Appendix A is a summary of the salient aspects of the legislation applicable to the provision of safe slope access. L. Provide at least 98 inches of vertical clearance (van height) for the parking space, access aisle, and vehicular route. Doors serving a means of egress system shall meet the requirements of this section and Section 1022. Any surface, whether vertical, slanted, or horizontal, on which employees walk, including areas that. 1926. 3. Slip resistance of walkways. If a gangway is not practicable, a straight ladder meeting the requirements of § 1918. 3] Slope represents the proportion of vertical rise to horizontal length and is specified in the Standards as a ratio (e. The slope that is perpendicular to the direction of travel (see running slope). 22 m); 1918. 101-A& 101-B (may appear as ANSI B101. 1, [Walking Surfaces] Clear Width, states, “Except as provided in [Standards] 403. Advisory 402. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Department of Labor. Section 3272, Aisles, Walkways, and Crawlways. 5” H. Failure to provide adequate slope can lead to wet and damaged foundations, deterioration of the driveway and walkway, and low spots where water collects. OSHA 1910. Pave sidewalks with smooth, durable material. When a ramp has a slope that is steeper than 1 vertical foot to 8 horizontal feet, it should be equipped with cleats that are at least 1 foot 2 inches apart from each other. OSHA has issued a final rule on Walking-Working Surfaces and Personal Fall Protection Systems to better protect workers in general industry from these hazards by updating and clarifying standards and adding training and inspection requirements. Some central safety considerations ASTM F1637-21 covers are illumination, possible changes in walkway levels, and mats and runners on walkways. 2010 ADA Standard 403. Falls from heights and on the same level (a working surface) are among the leading causes of serious work-related injuries and deaths. 29(b)(1): To meet OSHA’s guardrail height requirements, the top rail needs to be 42 inches plus or minus 3 inches above the walking-working surface. Ramps are covered under OSHA guidelines 1926. 9. 56% cross slope. 1. If you live on a hill, then you may be wondering just how steep your driveway can be before it becomes a problem. 1910. 1. 223 November 18, 2016 Part VII Book 3 of 3 Books Pages 82493-83106 Department of. Only by doing so can municipalities meet new demands within a fiscally responsible and environmentally sustainableAn example of an alternative fall protection measure allowed under 1926. Sand and stone. Working Area. Whether you're just marking the edges of your aisles or you. 1 cm) of and along at least one side of the walkway. Part 1926. Restricting the slope to between 3° and 10° in the direction of travel is the preferred method as this reduces the risk of slips and trips. Provide suitable traction. 33%. You can still create straight pathways but you need to carefully choose the area. Each employee engaged in roofing activities on low-slope roofs, with unprotected sides and edges six feet or more above lower levels, shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, safety net systems, and personal fall arrest systems, or a combination of a warning line system and guardrail system, warning line system and safety net system,. Slope represents the proportion of vertical rise to horizontal length and is specified in the Standards as a ratio (e. Lower level means a surface or area to which an employee could fall. All ramps with a rise greater than six inches (6. For Landscape and Horticultural Services, use NAICS code 561730 in the NAICS search box. Consider standard guardrails (with or without toeboard) on both sides to prevent falls. 1917. Ramps that measure more than 6 feet above lower levels (areas below the level at which a worker is working and could fall) should be equipped with guardrail systems. 0% cross slope in any direction will be provided wherever two sidewalks cross, or a turn may be required. Height. It is a common misconception that the worker is safe and in compliance as long as a distance of 6 ft is maintained from an unprotected edge. These barriers limit the pedestrian's ability to recognize and receive information (e. [29 CFR 1926. Ramps that measure more than 6 feet above lower levels (areas below the level at which a worker is working and could fall) should be equipped with guardrail systems. The rooftop walkway is OSHA. g. Step 1 – Plan The Route. Authority:. Basically 8. 33 percent), all sidewalks must be planned with the least amount of running slope feasible, as previously. The control zone and safety monitor systems are not to be employed on roofs steeper than 4 vertical to 12. Keep work areas well lit and clean. The directive provides guidance and inspection procedures for the enforcement of the standard. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Conveyor systems shall be equipped with an audible warning signal to be sounded immediately before. The point of the first slope change shall be defined as the point at which the floor slope exceeds 1 unit vertical in 10 units horizontal (10-percent slope) for Class C pools and 1 unit vertical in 12 units horizontal (8-percent. Next, decide on the design of your walkway. Gravity-based OSHA Penalties. The standard focuses on proactive safety management — meaning that OSHA expects employers to find and fix workplace hazards BEFORE they become an issue. It is evident from this thatADA Chapter 5 Section 505. 269. The profile grade and pivot point are generally located at the pavement crown. This study investigates the pedestrian’s normal walking and jogging speed on inclined and level walkways. Be equipped with a railing meeting the requirements of § 1918. g. This eTool* specifically provides information on OSHA's Powered Industrial Truck requirements [ 29 CFR 1910. gov Walking-Working Surfaces: Designated areas What is a designated area? When employees work on a low-slope roof, a non-traditional type of fall protection (the designatedThe following is an excerpt from OSHA 1910. 451 (e) (5) (i) Ramps and walkways 6 feet (1. 2. Roof safety walkway systems are an integral part of a safe environment when working at heights. Low-slope roof – a roof having a slope less than or equal to 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal). 1 - 5. the scientific topic of “tribology”) surface roughness, asperities, slope, contours, draping, contact force magnitude, contact velocity and acceleration, hysteresis, damping, tearing, mechanical. For wheelchair use, of course, you can't have steps. Please note that the configuration of the ramp system you purchased may differ from that shown on these instructions (different size landing, different width ramp, walkway sections, etc. 1020, OSHA has simply moved the standard from Subpart C to Subpart Z of the Part 1910 - Occupational Safety and Health Standards. the structural floor to an existing pedestrian accessible route; and implementing sufficient measures to ensure the safety and welfare of the pedestrian(s) traversing the site. Twelve healthy, young male participants completed level, slope, and stair trials on a 25-m walkway. OSHA clearance requirements regulate the amount of empty space that must be left around ladders in workplaces. 11009 or 57. As you may be aware, in April 10, 1990, OSHA published a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to revise its General Industry safety standard for walking and working surfaces of completed buildings (29 CFR 1910, "Walking and Working Surfaces and Personal Protective Equipment (Fall Protection Systems; Notice of Proposed. While a professionally installed stone walkway will typically be set in a concrete foundation, a DIY alternative—costing less than $4 per square foot—is to snuggle slabs of stone in paver sand. 851 (b) All stairs, passageways, ladders and incidental equipment thereto, which are covered by this section, shall be periodically inspected and maintained in a clean safe condition. RAILINGS open-sided stairs < 44” require 1 stair rail/side; open-sided stairs > 44” require 1 stair rail and 1 separate handrail/side. When scaffold platforms are more than 24 inches (61 cm) above or below a point of access, ladders, ramps, walkways, or similar surfaces must be used. 0 Cal/OSHA The California Division of Occupations Safety and Health, better known as Cal/OSHA, reports that more construction deaths occur in trenches than in any other form of construction work. Aisles, Walkways, and Crawlways. 1 Interpretations (May 16, 1984)Landing requirements for all other exterior doors. Below, we break down the ways OSHA defines both types of roof slopes and the risk areas to identify on each type of roof as a way to keep you and your crews safe and protected. 23 (e) (3) (iii), installations, posts and top and intermediate rails are to be of 2-inch by 2-inch by 3/8-inch angles or other metal shapes of equivalent bending strength with posts spaced not more than 8 feet on centers. B–1. 4 - DEFINITIONS. (a) Scope. An exit route generally consists of three parts: access to the exit; the exit, which provides a way of travel out of the workplace; and the way from the exit to the outside. Convert the rise and run to the same units and then divide the rise by the run. Use Terraces in a Sloping Landscape . This is a new term that OSHA added to the final rule. 1 Criteria for Changes in Level along Sidewalks and Walkways. The following checklist can be used as a method of minimizing slip, trip and fall incidents using readily available resources as defined by OSHA under General Requirements for Walking-Working Surfaces 1910 Subpart D (1910. The Occupational Safety and Health Act requires employers to comply with safety and health standards promulgated by OSHA or by a state with an OSHA-approved state plan.